RJ11
These are 6P2C (6 position, 2 conductor) wires in an RJ11 cable. This terminal looks like an RJ45, but smaller and is used for telephone or DSL connections.
Often they only have the two cables, but more can be added in the other 4 positions.
RJ45
RJ45 cables are 8P8C cables, where all 8 positions are being utilized. Commonly used for Ethernet.
F-Connector
These are the coax cable connectors. Used for TV, cable modem, and used over DOCSIS.
Punchdown blocks
Punchdown blocks are wire-to-wire patch pannels, where each wire is “punched” into the block.
USB-C
The main difference between USB-C and older style USB plugs is that they are double sided and use 24-pins.
Molex
Molex is a 4-pin connector that provides 12V and 5V power. Often used for computer internals.
Lighting
8-pin connectors. Can do data and power transfers, used as an advantage over Micro-USB
DB-9
DB-9 is a D-submini with a specified number of pins. Used for RS-232 serial comms for modems, printers, mice, etc. though not used in consumer stuff these days as much
These days the serial console ports are used for management interfaces.